标准配置文件

使用标准文件配置之前首先需要引用system.configuration

标准配置文件为App.config,在visual studio里点击该文件在文件属性里将复制到输出目录改为始终复制

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <startup>
    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.6.2"/>
  </startup>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="Quotation" connectionString="Data Source=jg-jiadong1;Initial Catalog=Quotation;Integrated Security=true;Timeout=360"/>
  </connectionStrings>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="hBrokerUri" value="failover:(tcp://10.101.29.192:61636)"/>
    <add key="dBrokerUri" value="failover:(tcp://10.17.41.104:61617)" />
    <add key="qBrokerUri" value="failover:(tcp://10.101.237.60:61626)"/>
    <add key="cBrokerUri" value="failover:(tcp://10.101.30.12:61616)"/>
    <add key="mqMarketDataTopic" value="quotahq"/>
    <add key="codes" value="600000.sh"/>
    <add key="consoleShow" value="true"/>
    <add key="consoleShowDetails" value="false"/>
    <add key="logToDatabase" value="false"/>
    <add key="numOfReservedDays" value="3"/>
    <add key="cleanUpTime" value="0800"/>
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

这是一个典型的配置文件格式，里面只用到了默认提供的两个配置标签。

<appSettings>与<connectionStrings>是配置文件标准标签，用如下方法取出配置值

var codes = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["codes"];

var connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Quotation"].ConnectionString;

更复杂的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <configSections>
        <section name="MySection111" type="RwConfigDemo.MySection1, RwConfigDemo" />
        <section name="MySection222" type="RwConfigDemo.MySection2, RwConfigDemo" />
        <section name="MySection333" type="RwConfigDemo.MySection3, RwConfigDemo" />
        <section name="MySection444" type="RwConfigDemo.MySection4, RwConfigDemo" />
    </configSections>

    <MySection111 username="fish-li" url="http://www.cnblogs.com/fish-li/"></MySection111>

    <MySection222>
        <users username="fish" password="liqifeng"></users>
    </MySection222>

    <MySection444>
        <add key="aa" value="11111"></add>
        <add key="bb" value="22222"></add>
        <add key="cc" value="33333"></add>
    </MySection444>
</configuration>

注意到这里有3种不同类型的自定义配置，每种不同类型的配置要添加不同的类。每种配置首先要在<configSections>里进行注册。

<section name="MySection111" type="RwConfigDemo.MySection1, RwConfigDemo" />
//name属性表示这个配置节的名称，type属性表示这个属性（类的位置，类所在的程序集名称）

1. <MySection111 username="fish-li" url="http://www.cnblogs.com/fish-li/"></MySection111>
   
   //读取配置
   var myConfigurationSection1 = (MySection1)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("MySection111");
   myConfigurationSection1.UserName;
   myConfigurationSection1.Url;
   
   //配置类的写法
   public class MySection1 : ConfigurationSection
   {
       [ConfigurationProperty("username", IsRequired=true)]
       public string UserName
       {
           get { return this["username"].ToString();}
           set { this["username"] = value;}
       }
   
       [ConfigurationProperty("url", IsRequired=true]
       public string Url
       {
           get { return this["url"].ToString();}
           set { this["url"] = value;}
   }
   

2. <MySection222>
       <users username="fish" password="liqifeng"></users>
   </MySection222>
   
   //读取配置
   var myConfigurationSection2 = (MySection2) ConfigurationManager.GetSection("MySection222");
   myConfigurationSection2.Users.UserName;
   myConfigurationSection2.Users.Password;
   //配置类写法
   
   public class MySection2: ConfigurationSection
   {
       [ConfigurationProperty("users", IsRequired=true)]
       public MySectionElement Users
       {
           get { return (MySectionElement)this["users"];}
       }
   }
   
   public class MySectionElement: ConfigurationElement
   {
       [ConfigurationProperty("username", IsRequired=true)]
       public string UserName
       {
           get { return this["username"].ToString();}
           set { this["username"] = value;}
       }
   
       [ConfigurationProperty("password", IsRequired=true)]
       public string Password
       {
           get { return this["password"].ToString();}
           set { this["password"] = value;}
       }
   }
   

3. //注意这里的Collection配置组需要一个单独的Tag
   <MySection444>
       <MyTag>
           <add key="aa" value="11111"></add>
           <add key="bb" value="22222"></add>
           <add key="cc" value="33333"></add>
       <MyTag>
   </MySection444>
   
   //读取配置
   foreach (MyKeyValueSetting kv in myConfigurationSection4.KeyValues)
   {
       Console.WriteLine(kv.Key);
   }
   或者
   var v = from MyKeyValueSetting kv in myConfigurationSection4.KeyValues
           where kv.Key == "aa"
           select kv;            
   foreach (var t in v)
       {
           Console.WriteLine(t.Key);
       }
   // 注意这两种写法中都要明确的写出kv的变量类型
   
   //配置类写法
   public class MySection4: ConfigurationSection
   {
       [ConfigurationProperty("MyTag", IsRequired = true)]
       [ConfigurationCollection(typeof(MyKeyValueCollection))]
       public MyKeyValueCollection KeyValues
       {
           get
           {
               return (MyKeyValueCollection)base["MyTag"];
           }
       }
   }
   
   //[ConfigurationCollection(typeof(MyKeyValueSetting))] 这个可写可不写
   public class MyKeyValueCollection: ConfigurationElementCollection
   {
       public MyKeyValueCollection(): base(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoroCase)
       {
       }
   
       new public MyKeyValueSetting this[string name]
       {
           get
           {
               return (MyKeyValueSetting)base.BaseGet(name);
           }
       }
   
       protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
       {
           return new MyKeyValueSetting();
       }
   
       protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
       {
           return ((MyKeyValueSetting)element).Key;
       }
   }
   
   public class MyKeyValueSetting: ConfigurationElement
   {
       [ConfigurationProperty("key", IsRequired=true]
       public string Key
       {
           get { return this["key"].ToString();}
           set { this["key"] = value;}
       }
   
       [ConfigurationProperty("value", IsRequired=true)]
       public string Value
       {
           get {return this["key"].ToString();}
           set {this["value"] = value;
       }
   }
   

读取配置